Population: 1,097,968
• Capital: Itanagar
• Area: 32,333 square miles (83,743 sq km)
• Capital: Itanagar
• Area: 32,333 square miles (83,743 sq km)
Most of Arunachal Pradesh is mountainous.
Its terrain consists of lofty, haphazardly aligned ridges that separate deep
valleys and rise to the peaks of the Great Himalayas. The state's main rivers
are the Brahmaputra known in Arunachal Pradesh as the Siang, and its
tributaries, the Tirap, the Lohit (ZayuQu), the Subansiri, and the Bhareli. The
climate of the foothills is subtropical; in the mountains, temperatures
decrease rapidly with altitude. Rainfall averages between 2000 and 4000 mm (80
and 160 in) a year
Arunachal Pradesh has a single-chamber
Legislative Assembly, which has 60 seats. The state sends three members to the
Indian national parliament: one to the RajyaSabha (upper house) and two to the
LokSabha (lower house). Local government is based on 12 administrative
districts
Arunachal Pradesh is well endowed with an
abundant forest cover, mineral, and hydel power resources. The principal crops
are rice. Maize, millet, wheat, pulses (edible seeds gathered from pea and bean
crops), potatoes, sugarcane, fruit, and oilseeds are also important. Many areas
depend on shifting cultivation (also known as slash-and-burn agriculture), in
which trees and grasses are burned from an area so a crop may be planted for
several seasons and then shifted to a new area. Industry is small scale and
includes timber, rice, and oil mills; soap and candle making; sericulture
(raising silkworms for the production of raw silk); and handicrafts. The
economic potential of Arunachal Pradesh's forests and rivers and of its coal,
oil, and other mineral deposits has yet to be exploited, partly because rough
terrain makes transportation difficult. Coal reserves of the state comprising
of the Namchik-Namphuk coal mine in Tirap district, are estimated at 90 million
tonnes and the crude oil reserves are estimated to be 1.5 million tonnes.
Deposits of dolomite, limestone, graphite, quartzite, kyanite, mica, iron and
copper are also reported to be found here. The state's rugged terrain makes
transport and communications extremely difficult. With few surfaced roads and
no railways in Arunachal Pradesh, links with the rest of India are limited.
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